Dachigam National Park lies nestled in the picturesque Zabarwan Range of Jammu and Kashmir, just 22 kilometers from Srinagar. Known for its breathtaking beauty and rich biodiversity, Dachigam is one of India’s most pristine and ecologically significant national parks. Spanning an area of 141 square kilometers, this protected paradise is most famous for being the last stronghold of the endangered Hangul or Kashmir Stag.
A Natural Haven at the Edge of the Himalayas
Dachigam National Park was originally established in 1910 by the Maharaja of Kashmir to ensure a clean water supply to Srinagar. It was declared a national park in 1981. Today, it plays a crucial role in the conservation of the fragile Himalayan ecosystem and shelters an extraordinary range of flora and fauna across altitudes that vary from 1,650 meters to over 4,200 meters.
The name “Dachigam” means “ten villages,” which is believed to refer to the ten villages that were relocated to create the sanctuary. Its terrain ranges from gentle slopes and meadows to steep cliffs and rocky outcrops, offering vastly different experiences depending on the season and altitude.
Key Information About Dachigam National Park
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Location | Zabarwan Range, Jammu & Kashmir, India |
| Distance from Srinagar | Approximately 22 km |
| Area Covered | 141 square kilometers |
| Altitude Range | 1,650 m to 4,200 m |
| Established As a Sanctuary | 1910 |
| Declared National Park | 1981 |
| Famous For | Hangul (Kashmir Stag), diverse Himalayan wildlife |
| Best Time to Visit | April to October (summer & autumn for lower Dachigam) |
| Park Zones | Upper Dachigam and Lower Dachigam |
The Wildlife Treasures of Dachigam National Park
Dachigam National Park is globally recognized for its success in conserving the Hangul (Cervus elaphus hanglu) — a critically endangered species of red deer found only in Kashmir. Once numbering in the thousands, Hangul populations dwindled dramatically in the 20th century. Thanks to focused conservation efforts, the park continues to be their stronghold.
Apart from the Hangul, the park supports a wide array of other species:
- Mammals: Himalayan black bear, leopard, jackal, hill fox, Himalayan serow, musk deer, and langur.
- Birds: Over 150 bird species including the golden oriole, monal pheasant, koklass pheasant, and paradise flycatcher make Dachigam a paradise for bird watchers.
- Flora: The park’s vegetation transitions from alpine pastures to deciduous forests, with pine, oak, walnut, birch, and wild cherry trees enriching its green canvas.
A Tale of Two Dachigams: Upper and Lower Zones
The park is divided into Lower Dachigam, which is more accessible and often visited by tourists, and Upper Dachigam, which is higher in altitude and more rugged. Upper Dachigam is less explored due to challenging terrain, but it holds much of the untouched wilderness and is a hotspot for trekkers and researchers.
Lower Dachigam is home to a well-maintained trail system and a Forest Department information center that helps educate visitors about conservation.
Sustainable Tourism and Conservation at Dachigam
Eco-tourism is closely managed at Dachigam National Park to protect its delicate environment. Entry is restricted and requires prior permission from the Jammu & Kashmir Forest Department. This ensures that the natural habitat of the Hangul and other sensitive species remains undisturbed.
Educational tours and nature walks are organized occasionally, primarily focusing on awareness and eco-sensitivity rather than mass tourism.
Also read: Blackbuck National Park, Velavadar :A Hidden Wildlife Gem in Gujarat
Tips for Visitors
- Permission: Visitors must obtain permits in advance from the Wildlife Warden’s office in Srinagar.
- Best Time to Visit: Summer and early autumn are ideal for Lower Dachigam, while winter months (November to March) might restrict access due to heavy snowfall.
- Accommodation: While there’s no lodging inside the park, numerous options are available in Srinagar, just a short drive away.
- Photography & Wildlife Viewing: Use of binoculars and silent observation is encouraged; wildlife sightings depend heavily on time of day and season.
Also read: Rocky Mountain National Park: A Land of Majestic Peaks and Wild Beauty
Why Dachigam National Park Deserves Your Attention
More than just a scenic escape, Dachigam National Park stands as a symbol of hope in India’s conservation efforts. It reminds us that preserving biodiversity is not just about protecting species, but about maintaining the balance of ecosystems that support all life — including ours.
Whether you are a wildlife enthusiast, nature lover, birder, or a curious traveler, Dachigam offers an immersive and enriching experience in the lap of nature.
For those seeking something more than the usual tourist trail, a visit to Dachigam National Park is not just a journey through forested valleys — it’s a walk through one of India’s finest examples of ecological preservation and natural beauty
