Dachigam National Park is one of the most important wildlife reserves located in the Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir, India. Known as the last home of the Hangul (Kashmir Stag), this park is not only a haven for biodiversity but also a symbol of Kashmir’s untouched natural beauty.
Location of Dachigam National Park
- Located: About 22 km from Srinagar city
- Area: Approximately 141 sq. km
- Geography: Situated at the foothills of the Himalayas
- Altitude Range: From 5,500 ft to 14,000 ft
Historical Background
The name “Dachigam” means “Ten Villages”, which refers to the ten villages that were relocated from this area for conservation.
- Initially preserved by the Maharaja of Kashmir for clean water supply to Srinagar
- Declared a National Park in 1981
Flora of Dachigam
Thanks to the altitudinal diversity, the park hosts a wide range of plant species:
- Trees: Deodar, Pine, Chinar (Maple)
- Shrubs: Juniper, Rosehip, Alder
- Medicinal Plants: Various Himalayan herbs used in Ayurveda
Fauna of Dachigam
Key Species
- Hangul (Kashmir Stag): Critically endangered and the star attraction of the park
Other Notable Wildlife:
- Himalayan Black Bear
- Leopard
- Red Fox
- Himalayan Langur & Macaque
- Birds: Black Bulbul, Golden Eagle, Monal, Tragopan, and various Raptors
Climate and Weather
Dachigam experiences a wide range of climates due to its altitude:
- Summer (May–August): Pleasant and cool
- Winter (November–March): Heavy snowfall, upper regions often inaccessible
- Monsoon (July–August): Light to moderate rainfall
Visiting Information
How to Reach:
- Nearest Airport: Srinagar Airport (25 km)
- Nearest Railway Station: Jammu Tawi (approx. 300 km)
- By Road: Easily accessible via cabs and buses from Srinagar
Best Time to Visit
- April to October is ideal for sightseeing and wildlife observation
- Winter visits are less advisable due to snow-blocked paths
Tourism and Conservation
Dachigam is being promoted as an eco-tourism site where visitors can:
- Enjoy trekking routes
- Spot rare wildlife species
- Capture scenic beauty through photography
Also read: Rocky Mountain National Park: A Land of Majestic Peaks and Wild Beauty
The Forest Department is actively working on conserving the Hangul and other endangered species with awareness and breeding programs.
Interesting Facts
- The Hangul population, once over 500, has now declined to under 200.
- The park is divided into two main zones:
- Lower Dachigam
- Upper Dachigam
- These zones differ in elevation, vegetation, and fauna.
Also read: Blackbuck National Park, Velavadar :A Hidden Wildlife Gem in Gujarat
Conclusion
Dachigam National Park is not just a wildlife sanctuary, but a living example of harmony between man and nature. Its role in preserving the last Hanguls makes it an ecological treasure of India. Protecting Dachigam is essential for maintaining the Himalayan biodiversity for generations to come.
